Skip to main content
本快速入门演示如何使用 LangGraph Graph API 或 Functional API 构建计算器代理。 有关概念信息,请参阅 Graph API 概述Functional API 概述
对于此示例,你需要设置一个 Claude (Anthropic) 帐户并获取 API 密钥。然后,在终端中设置 ANTHROPIC_API_KEY 环境变量。

1. 定义工具和模型

在这个例子中,我们将使用 Claude Sonnet 4.5 模型并定义加法、乘法和除法工具。
import { ChatAnthropic } from "@langchain/anthropic";
import { tool } from "@langchain/core/tools";
import * as z from "zod";

const model = new ChatAnthropic({
  model: "claude-sonnet-4-6",
  temperature: 0,
});

// 定义工具
const add = tool(({ a, b }) => a + b, {
  name: "add",
  description: "Add two numbers",
  schema: z.object({
    a: z.number().describe("First number"),
    b: z.number().describe("Second number"),
  }),
});

const multiply = tool(({ a, b }) => a * b, {
  name: "multiply",
  description: "Multiply two numbers",
  schema: z.object({
    a: z.number().describe("First number"),
    b: z.number().describe("Second number"),
  }),
});

const divide = tool(({ a, b }) => a / b, {
  name: "divide",
  description: "Divide two numbers",
  schema: z.object({
    a: z.number().describe("First number"),
    b: z.number().describe("Second number"),
  }),
});

// 将工具绑定到 LLM
const toolsByName = {
  [add.name]: add,
  [multiply.name]: multiply,
  [divide.name]: divide,
};
const tools = Object.values(toolsByName);
const modelWithTools = model.bindTools(tools);

2. 定义状态

图的状态用于存储消息和 LLM 调用的次数。
LangGraph 中的状态在代理执行期间持续存在。MessagesValue 提供了一个内置的 reducer 用于追加消息。llmCalls 字段使用带有 (x, y) => x + yReducedValue 来累积计数。
import {
  StateGraph,
  StateSchema,
  MessagesValue,
  ReducedValue,
  GraphNode,
  ConditionalEdgeRouter,
  START,
  END,
} from "@langchain/langgraph";
import { z } from "zod/v4";

const MessagesState = new StateSchema({
  messages: MessagesValue,
  llmCalls: new ReducedValue(
    z.number().default(0),
    { reducer: (x, y) => x + y }
  ),
});

3. 定义模型节点

模型节点用于调用 LLM 并决定是否调用工具。
import { SystemMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";

const llmCall: GraphNode<typeof MessagesState> = async (state) => {
  const response = await modelWithTools.invoke([
    new SystemMessage(
      "You are a helpful assistant tasked with performing arithmetic on a set of inputs."
    ),
    ...state.messages,
  ]);
  return {
    messages: [response],
    llmCalls: 1,
  };
};

4. 定义工具节点

工具节点用于调用工具并返回结果。
import { AIMessage, ToolMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";

const toolNode: GraphNode<typeof MessagesState> = async (state) => {
  const lastMessage = state.messages.at(-1);

  if (lastMessage == null || !AIMessage.isInstance(lastMessage)) {
    return { messages: [] };
  }

  const result: ToolMessage[] = [];
  for (const toolCall of lastMessage.tool_calls ?? []) {
    const tool = toolsByName[toolCall.name];
    const observation = await tool.invoke(toolCall);
    result.push(observation);
  }

  return { messages: result };
};

5. 定义结束逻辑

条件边函数用于根据 LLM 是否进行工具调用来路由到工具节点或结束。
const shouldContinue: ConditionalEdgeRouter<typeof MessagesState, "toolNode"> = (state) => {
  const lastMessage = state.messages.at(-1);

  // 在访问 tool_calls 之前检查是否为 AIMessage
  if (!lastMessage || !AIMessage.isInstance(lastMessage)) {
    return END;
  }

  // 如果 LLM 进行了工具调用,则执行操作
  if (lastMessage.tool_calls?.length) {
    return "toolNode";
  }

  // 否则,停止(回复用户)
  return END;
};

6. 构建和编译代理

代理使用 StateGraph 类构建,并使用 compile 方法编译。
const agent = new StateGraph(MessagesState)
  .addNode("llmCall", llmCall)
  .addNode("toolNode", toolNode)
  .addEdge(START, "llmCall")
  .addConditionalEdges("llmCall", shouldContinue, ["toolNode", END])
  .addEdge("toolNode", "llmCall")
  .compile();

// 调用
import { HumanMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
const result = await agent.invoke({
  messages: [new HumanMessage("Add 3 and 4.")],
});

for (const message of result.messages) {
  console.log(`[${message.type}]: ${message.text}`);
}
要了解如何使用 LangSmith 跟踪你的代理,请参阅 LangSmith 文档
恭喜!你已经使用 LangGraph Graph API 构建了你的第一个代理。
// 第一步:定义工具和模型

import { ChatAnthropic } from "@langchain/anthropic";
import { tool } from "@langchain/core/tools";
import * as z from "zod";

const model = new ChatAnthropic({
  model: "claude-sonnet-4-6",
  temperature: 0,
});

// 定义工具
const add = tool(({ a, b }) => a + b, {
  name: "add",
  description: "Add two numbers",
  schema: z.object({
    a: z.number().describe("First number"),
    b: z.number().describe("Second number"),
  }),
});

const multiply = tool(({ a, b }) => a * b, {
  name: "multiply",
  description: "Multiply two numbers",
  schema: z.object({
    a: z.number().describe("First number"),
    b: z.number().describe("Second number"),
  }),
});

const divide = tool(({ a, b }) => a / b, {
  name: "divide",
  description: "Divide two numbers",
  schema: z.object({
    a: z.number().describe("First number"),
    b: z.number().describe("Second number"),
  }),
});

// 将工具绑定到 LLM
const toolsByName = {
  [add.name]: add,
  [multiply.name]: multiply,
  [divide.name]: divide,
};
const tools = Object.values(toolsByName);
const modelWithTools = model.bindTools(tools);
// 第二步:定义状态

import {
  StateGraph,
  StateSchema,
  MessagesValue,
  ReducedValue,
  GraphNode,
  ConditionalEdgeRouter,
  START,
  END,
} from "@langchain/langgraph";
import * as z from "zod";

const MessagesState = new StateSchema({
  messages: MessagesValue,
  llmCalls: new ReducedValue(
    z.number().default(0),
    { reducer: (x, y) => x + y }
  ),
});
// 第三步:定义模型节点

import { SystemMessage, AIMessage, ToolMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";

const llmCall: GraphNode<typeof MessagesState> = async (state) => {
  return {
    messages: [await modelWithTools.invoke([
      new SystemMessage(
        "You are a helpful assistant tasked with performing arithmetic on a set of inputs."
      ),
      ...state.messages,
    ])],
    llmCalls: 1,
  };
};

// 第四步:定义工具节点

const toolNode: GraphNode<typeof MessagesState> = async (state) => {
  const lastMessage = state.messages.at(-1);

  if (lastMessage == null || !AIMessage.isInstance(lastMessage)) {
    return { messages: [] };
  }

  const result: ToolMessage[] = [];
  for (const toolCall of lastMessage.tool_calls ?? []) {
    const tool = toolsByName[toolCall.name];
    const observation = await tool.invoke(toolCall);
    result.push(observation);
  }

  return { messages: result };
};
// 第五步:定义决定是否结束的逻辑
import { ConditionalEdgeRouter, END } from "@langchain/langgraph";

const shouldContinue: ConditionalEdgeRouter<typeof MessagesState, "toolNode"> = (state) => {
  const lastMessage = state.messages.at(-1);

  // 在访问 tool_calls 之前检查是否为 AIMessage
  if (!lastMessage || !AIMessage.isInstance(lastMessage)) {
    return END;
  }

  // 如果 LLM 进行了工具调用,则执行操作
  if (lastMessage.tool_calls?.length) {
    return "toolNode";
  }

  // 否则,停止(回复用户)
  return END;
};
// 第六步:构建并编译代理
import { HumanMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
import { StateGraph, START, END } from "@langchain/langgraph";

const agent = new StateGraph(MessagesState)
  .addNode("llmCall", llmCall)
  .addNode("toolNode", toolNode)
  .addEdge(START, "llmCall")
  .addConditionalEdges("llmCall", shouldContinue, ["toolNode", END])
  .addEdge("toolNode", "llmCall")
  .compile();

// 调用
const result = await agent.invoke({
  messages: [new HumanMessage("Add 3 and 4.")],
});

for (const message of result.messages) {
  console.log(`[${message.type}]: ${message.text}`);
}