@langchain/mcp-adapters 库来使用在 MCP 服务器上定义的工具。
快速开始
安装@langchain/mcp-adapters 库:
npm install @langchain/mcp-adapters
@langchain/mcp-adapters 使智能体能够使用在一个或多个 MCP 服务器上定义的工具。
MultiServerMCPClient 默认是无状态的。每次工具调用都会创建一个新的 MCP ClientSession,执行工具,然后进行清理。访问多个 MCP 服务器
import { MultiServerMCPClient } from "@langchain/mcp-adapters";
import { ChatAnthropic } from "@langchain/anthropic";
import { createAgent } from "langchain";
const client = new MultiServerMCPClient({
math: {
transport: "stdio", // 本地子进程通信
command: "node",
// 替换为你的 math_server.js 文件的绝对路径
args: ["/path/to/math_server.js"],
},
weather: {
transport: "http", // 基于 HTTP 的远程服务器
// 确保你在端口 8000 上启动了你的天气服务器
url: "http://localhost:8000/mcp",
},
});
const tools = await client.getTools();
const agent = createAgent({
model: "claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools,
});
const mathResponse = await agent.invoke({
messages: [{ role: "user", content: "(3 + 5) x 12 等于多少?" }],
});
const weatherResponse = await agent.invoke({
messages: [{ role: "user", content: "纽约的天气怎么样?" }],
});
自定义服务器
要创建你自己的 MCP 服务器,你可以使用@modelcontextprotocol/sdk 库。这个库提供了一种简单的方式来定义 工具 并将它们作为服务器运行。
npm install @modelcontextprotocol/sdk
数学服务器 (stdio 传输)
import { Server } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/index.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import {
CallToolRequestSchema,
ListToolsRequestSchema,
} from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js";
const server = new Server(
{
name: "math-server",
version: "0.1.0",
},
{
capabilities: {
tools: {},
},
}
);
server.setRequestHandler(ListToolsRequestSchema, async () => {
return {
tools: [
{
name: "add",
description: "将两个数字相加",
inputSchema: {
type: "object",
properties: {
a: {
type: "number",
description: "第一个数字",
},
b: {
type: "number",
description: "第二个数字",
},
},
required: ["a", "b"],
},
},
{
name: "multiply",
description: "将两个数字相乘",
inputSchema: {
type: "object",
properties: {
a: {
type: "number",
description: "第一个数字",
},
b: {
type: "number",
description: "第二个数字",
},
},
required: ["a", "b"],
},
},
],
};
});
server.setRequestHandler(CallToolRequestSchema, async (request) => {
switch (request.params.name) {
case "add": {
const { a, b } = request.params.arguments as { a: number; b: number };
return {
content: [
{
type: "text",
text: String(a + b),
},
],
};
}
case "multiply": {
const { a, b } = request.params.arguments as { a: number; b: number };
return {
content: [
{
type: "text",
text: String(a * b),
},
],
};
}
default:
throw new Error(`未知工具: ${request.params.name}`);
}
});
async function main() {
const transport = new StdioServerTransport();
await server.connect(transport);
console.error("数学 MCP 服务器正在 stdio 上运行");
}
main();
天气服务器 (SSE 传输)
import { Server } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/index.js";
import { SSEServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/sse.js";
import {
CallToolRequestSchema,
ListToolsRequestSchema,
} from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js";
import express from "express";
const app = express();
app.use(express.json());
const server = new Server(
{
name: "weather-server",
version: "0.1.0",
},
{
capabilities: {
tools: {},
},
}
);
server.setRequestHandler(ListToolsRequestSchema, async () => {
return {
tools: [
{
name: "get_weather",
description: "获取指定位置的天气",
inputSchema: {
type: "object",
properties: {
location: {
type: "string",
description: "要获取天气的位置",
},
},
required: ["location"],
},
},
],
};
});
server.setRequestHandler(CallToolRequestSchema, async (request) => {
switch (request.params.name) {
case "get_weather": {
const { location } = request.params.arguments as { location: string };
return {
content: [
{
type: "text",
text: `${location} 总是阳光明媚`,
},
],
};
}
default:
throw new Error(`未知工具: ${request.params.name}`);
}
});
app.post("/mcp", async (req, res) => {
const transport = new SSEServerTransport("/mcp", res);
await server.connect(transport);
});
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 8000;
app.listen(PORT, () => {
console.log(`天气 MCP 服务器正在端口 ${PORT} 上运行`);
});
传输方式
MCP 支持不同的传输机制用于客户端-服务器通信。HTTP
http 传输(也称为 streamable-http)使用 HTTP 请求进行客户端-服务器通信。更多详情请参阅 MCP HTTP 传输规范。
const client = new MultiServerMCPClient({
weather: {
transport: "sse",
url: "http://localhost:8000/mcp",
},
});
传递头部
认证
stdio
客户端将服务器作为子进程启动,并通过标准输入/输出进行通信。最适合本地工具和简单设置。const client = new MultiServerMCPClient({
math: {
transport: "stdio",
command: "node",
args: ["/path/to/math_server.js"],
},
});
核心功能
工具
工具 允许 MCP 服务器暴露可执行函数,大语言模型可以调用这些函数来执行操作——例如查询数据库、调用 API 或与外部系统交互。LangChain 将 MCP 工具转换为 LangChain 工具,使它们可以直接在任何 LangChain 智能体或工作流中使用。加载工具
使用client.getTools() 从 MCP 服务器检索工具,并将它们传递给你的智能体:
import { MultiServerMCPClient } from "@langchain/mcp-adapters";
import { createAgent } from "langchain";
const client = new MultiServerMCPClient({...});
const tools = await client.getTools();
const agent = createAgent({ model: "claude-sonnet-4-6", tools });
附加资源
将这些文档连接到 Claude、VSCode 等,通过 MCP 获取实时答案。

